NCERT Notes for Class 9 Math Chapter 13 Surface Areas and Volumes Notes

NCERT Notes Class 9 Math Chapter 13 Surface Areas and Volumes Notes

Class 9 Maths Chapter 13 Surface Areas and Volumes Notes

Chapter Name

Surface Areas and Volumes Notes

Class

CBSE Class 9

Textbook Name

Surface Areas and Volumes Class 9

Related Readings

  • Notes for Class 9
  • Notes for Class 9 Maths
  • Revision Notes for Surface Areas and Volumes 

Plane figure

The figures which we can draw on a piece of paper or which lie on a plane are called Plane Figures. Example: Circle, Square, Rectangle etc.

Solid figures

The 3D shapes which occupy some space are called Solid Figures. Example: Cube, Cuboid, Sphere etc.

Volume

Space occupied by any solid shape is the capacity or volume of that figure. The unit of volume is a cubic unit.

Surface Area

The area of all the faces of the solid shape is the total surface area of that figure. The unit of surface area is a square unit.

Lateral or Curved Surface Area

The surface area of the solid shape after leaving the top and bottom face of the figure is called the lateral surface of the shape. The unit of lateral surface area is a square unit.

Surface Area and Volume of a Cube

Cube is a solid shape having 6 equal square faces.



Lateral surface area of a cube

4l2 

Total surface area of a cube

6l2

The volume of a cube

l3

Diagonal

√3l, l = edge of the cube

Example: What is the capacity of a cubical vessel having each side of 8 cm?

Solution

Given side = 8 cm

So, Volume of the cubical vessel = l3

= (8)3 = 256 cm3 .


Surface Area and volume of a Cuboid

Cuboid is a solid shape having 6 rectangular faces at a right angle.



Lateral surface area of a cuboid

2h(l + b)

Total surface area of a cuboid

2(lb + bh + lh)

Volume of a cuboid

lbh

Diagonal

l = length, b = breadth, h = height


Example: What is the surface area of a cereal box whose length, breadth and height is 20 cm, 8 cm and 30 cm respectively?

Solution

Given,

Length = 20 cm

Breadth = 8 cm

Height = 30 cm

Total surface area of the cereal box = 2(lb + bh + lh)

= 2(20 × 8 + 8 × 30 + 20 × 30)

= 2(160 + 240 + 600)

= 2(1000) = 2000 cm2 .


Surface Area and Volume of a Right Circular Cylinder

If we fold a rectangular sheet with one side as its axis then it forms a cylinder. It is the curved surface of the cylinder. And if this curved surface is covered by two parallel circular bases then it forms a right circular cylinder.



Curved surface area of a Right circular cylinder

2Ï€rh

Total surface area of a Right circular cylinder

2Ï€r2 + 2Ï€rh = 2Ï€r(r + h)

The volume of a Right circular cylinder

Ï€r2

 

r = radius, h = height


Surface Area and Volume of a Hollow Right Circular Cylinder

If a right circular cylinder is hollow from inside then it has different curved surface and volume.



Curved surface area of a Right circular cylinder

2Ï€h (R + r)

Total surface area of a Right circular cylinder

2Ï€h (R + r) + 2Ï€(R2 − r2)

 

R = outer radius, r = inner radius

Example: Find the Total surface area of a hollow cylinder whose length is 22 cm and the external radius is 7 cm with 1 cm thickness. (Ï€ = 22/7)

Solution

Given, h = 22 cm

R = 7 cm

 r = 6 cm (thickness of the wall is 1 cm)

Total surface area of a hollow cylinder = 2Ï€h(R + r) + 2Ï€(R2 – r2 )

= 2(Ï€) (22) (7+6) + 2(Ï€)(72 – 62

= 572 π + 26 π = 598 π

= 1878.67 cm2


Surface Area and Volume of a Right Circular Cone

If we revolve a right-angled triangle about one of its sides by taking other as its axis then the solid shape formed is known as a Right Circular Cone.



Curved surface area of a Right Circular Cone

Total surface area of a Right Circular Cone

Ï€r2 + Ï€rl = Ï€r(r + l)

The volume of Right Circular Cone

(1/3) πr2h

 

r = radius, h = height, l = slant height


Surface Area and Volume of a Sphere

A sphere is a solid shape which is completely round like a ball. It has the same curved and total surface area.



Curved or Lateral surface area of a Sphere

4Ï€r2

Total surface area of a Sphere

4Ï€r2

Volume of a Sphere

(4/3) πr3

 

R = radius


Surface Area and Volume of a Hemisphere

If we cut the sphere in two parts then is said to be a hemisphere.



Curved or Lateral surface area of a Sphere

2Ï€r2

Total surface area of a Sphere

3Ï€r2

Volume of a Sphere

(2/3) πr3

 

r = radius

Example: If we have a metal piece of cone shape with volume 523.33 cm3 and we mould it in a sphere then what will be the surface area of that sphere?

Solution

Given, volume of cone = 523.33 cm3

Volume of cone = Volume of Sphere

Volume of sphere = 100 π cm3

⇒ 125 = r3 

⇒ r = 5

Surface area of a sphere = 4Ï€r2


= 314.28 cm2
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