NCERT Solutions for Chapter 4 In the Earliest Cities Class 6 History
A permanent population was able to sustain itself on surplus crop yields during the Neolithic Period. These cities emerged in early civilization sites, such as the Nile valley, the Indus valley, and the Wei River valley. Ancient cities such as Harappa and Mohanjodaro is believed to have developed 4500 years ago. There is evidence of the cultivation of pea (matar), chickpea (chana), pigeon pea (tur/arhar), horse gram (chana dal) and green gram (moong). The people of the Harappa and Mohanjodaro wore gold, silver, ivory, shell, clay, semiprecious stones, and other ornaments. They made toys, figurines, and seals. A number of crops were grown near their cities, including wheat, barley, cotton, dates and bananas. The reason of end of these cities were climate change and geographical changes like drying rivers.
Chapter Name | In the Earliest Cities NCERT Solutions |
Class | CBSE Class 6 |
Textbook Name | History |
Related Readings |
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IMAGINE
Question 1: You are travelling with your parents, about 4000 years ago, from Lothal to Mohenjodaro. Describe how you would travel, what your parents might carry with them, and what you would see in Mohenjodaro.
Answer
We would cover most of journey on foot or by buffalo cart as there were no cars or other vehicles 4000 years ago.
My parents would carry precious stones, food and clothing. Precious stones were important part of trade at that time.
We would have seen beautiful bathing tanks, big storage houses and well planned drainage system, houses and streets.
LET'S RECALL
Question 1: How do archaeologists know that cloth was used in the Harappan civilization?
Answer
Archeologists know that cloth was used in Harappan civilization because they have found actual pieces of clothes, attached to a silver vase and some copper objects in Mohenjodaro.
Fact: Mohenjodaro is an important place of Harrapan civilization. It is located in present day Pakistan.
Question 2: Match the columns
|
Objects |
places |
|
Copper |
Gujarat |
|
Gold |
Afghanistan |
|
Tin |
Rajasthan |
|
Precious stones |
Karnataka |
Answer
|
Objects |
Places |
Explanation |
|
Copper |
Rajasthan |
Rajasthan is a state in western India. The people of Harappan civilization brought copper from Rajasthan. Copper was used for making weapons, tools, ornaments and Vessels.
|
|
Gold |
Karnataka |
Karnataka is located in southern India. It is famous for its Gold reserves. Harappans used gold for making ornaments.
|
|
Tin |
Afghanistan |
Afghanistan is a neighboring country of India. Harappans mixed Tin with copper to produce bronze, which was used to make tools, weapons and vessels.
|
|
Precious stones |
Gujarat |
Gujarat is a state in western India. People in Harappan culture brought precious stones from Gujarat and used it to make ornament.
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Question 3: Why were metals, writing, the wheel and the plough important for the Harrapans?
The importance of metals, writing, wheel and the plough is given below:
Metals: The archeologists have found metals such as copper, bronze, gold and silver.
1. Copper was used for making tools, ornament, weapons and vessels.Writings: The seals found in Harappan civilization had the earliest known writings. These writings were generally found on seals. Writings are important in order to learn about this civilization.
Wheels: People of Harappan civilizations travelled great distances to fetch raw materials and precious metals. Carts with wheels helped them in transporting goods and materials to their location.
Plough: Plough is a device which is used to turn soils in the fields for planting. Plough helped the farmers to prepare their fields easily. Hence plough helped in agriculture.
LET'S DISCUSS
Question 4: Make a list of all the terracotta toys shown in the lesson. Which do you think children would have enjoyed playing with the most?
Answer
The list of terracotta toys shown in the lesson is given below:
1. Figures of animalsNOTE: Terracotta means baked clay. Terracotta was used to make toys.
Question 5: Make a list of what the Harappans ate and put a tick mark against the things you eat today.
Answer
List of food eaten by people of Harppan civilization:
|
Food item |
Do we eat it? |
|
Wheat |
Yes |
|
Barley |
No |
|
Pulses |
Yes |
|
Peas |
No |
|
Rice |
Yes |
|
Sesame |
No |
|
Linseed |
No |
|
mustard |
No |
Question 6: Do you think that the life of farmers and herders who supplied food to the Harappan cities was different from that of the farmers and herders you read about in Chapter 3? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer
The life of farmers and herders in Harappan culture was different that those of mentioned in chapter, the reasons are as follows:
1. Farmers of Harappan culture cultivated lands near the banks of rivers.
LET'S DO
Question 7: Describe three important buildings in your city or village. Are they located in a special part of the settlement (e.g. the centre)? What are the activities that take place in these buildings?
Answer
I live in New Delhi. The three important buildings in my city are the Parliament, the Supreme Court and the Rashtrapati Bhawan.
These settlements are located in the central part of New Delhi.
The Parliament is a building where all the important decisions regarding the development of our country are made. The Supreme Court is the upper most judicial body of our country. Rashtrapati Bhawan is the residence of the president of our country.
Question 8: Are there any old buildings in your locality? Find out how old they are and who looks after them.
Answer
Red Fort is located near my locality. It was the resident of many Mughal emperors.
It is approximately 369 years old. Its construction started in 1639 and it took almost 9 years to complete.
The Archaeological survey of India which is a department of Govt. of India looks after Red Fort.