NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Chapter 6 Tissues Class 9 Science

NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues (MCQ, SAQ and LAQ)

Chapter Name	NCERT Exemplar Solutions for Class 9 Science Ch 6 Tissues
Topics Covered	Objective Type Questions (MCQ's) Short Answer Type Questions Long Answer Type Questions
Related Study	NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science NCERT Revision Notes for Class 9 Science Important Questions for Class 9 Science MCQ for Class 9 Science NCERT Exemplar Questions For Class 9 Science

Objective Type Questions for Tissues

1. Which of the following tissues has dead cells?
(a) Parenchyma
(b) Sclerenchyma
(c) Collenchyma
(d) Epithelial tissue

Solution

(b) Sclerenchyma

2. Find out incorrect sentence :
(a) Parenchymatous tissues have intercellular spaces.
(b) Collenchymatous tissues are irregularly thickened at corners.
(c) Apical and intercalary meristems are permanent tissues.
(d) Meristematic tissues, in its early stage, lack vacuoles.

Solution

(c) Apical and intercalary meristems are permanent tissues.

3. Girth of stem increases due to :
(a) apical meristem
(b) lateral meristem
(c) intercalary meristem
(d) vertical meristem

Solution

(b) lateral meristem

4. Which cell does not have perforated cell wall?
(a) Tracheids
(b) Companion cells
(c) Sieve tubes
(d) Vessels

Solution

(b) Companion cells

5. Intestine absorb the digested food materials. What type of epithelial cells are responsible for that?
(a) Stratified squamous epithelium
(b) Columnar epithelium
(c) Spindle fibres
(d) Cuboidal epithelium

Solution

(b) Columnar epithelium

6. A person met with an accident in which two long bones of hand were dislocated. Which among the following may be the possible reason?
(a) Tendon break
(b) Break of skeletal muscle
(c) Ligament break
(d) Areolar tissue break

Solution

(c) Ligament break

7. While doing work and running, you move your organs like hands, legs, etc. Which among the following is correct?
(a) Smooth muscles contract and pull the ligament to move the bones.
(b) Smooth muscles contract and pull the tendons to move the bones.
(c) Skeletal muscles contract and pull the ligament to move the bones.
(d) Skeletal muscles contract and pull the tendon to move the bones.

Solution

(d) Skeletal muscles contract and pull the tendon to move the bones.

8. Which muscles act involuntarily?
(i) Striated muscles
(ii) Smooth muscles
(iii) Cardiac muscles
(iv) Skeletal muscles
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iv)

Solution

(b) (ii) and (iii)

9. Meristematic tissues in plants are :
(a) localised and permanent
(b) not limited to certain regions
(c) localised and dividing cells
(d) growing in volume

Solution

(c) localised and dividing cells

10. Which is not a function of epidermis?
(a) Protection from adverse condition
(b) Gaseous exchange
(c) Conduction of water
(d) Transpiration

Solution

(c) Conduction of water

11. Select the incorrect sentence :

(a) Blood has matrix containing proteins, salts’ and hormones.
(b) Two bones are connected with ligament.
(c) Tendons are non-fibrous tissue and fragile.
(d) Cartilage is a form of connective tissue.

Solution

(c) Tendons are non-fibrous tissue and fragile.

12. Cartilage is not found in :
(a) nose
(b) ear
(c) kidney
(d) larynx

Solution

(c) kidney

13. Fats are stored in human body as :
(a) cuboidal epithelium
(b) adipose tissue
(c) bones
(d) cartilage

Solution

(b) adipose tissue

14. Bone matrix is rich in :
(a) fluoride and calcium
(b) calcium and phosphorus
(c) calcium and potassium
(d) phosphorus and potassium

Solution

(b) calcium and phosphorus

15. Contractile proteins are found in :
(a) bones
(b) blood
(c) muscles
(d) cartilage

Solution

(c) muscles

16. Voluntary muscles are found in :
(a) alimentary canal
(b) limbs
(c) iris of the eye
(d) bronchi of lungs

Solution

(b) limbs

17. Nervous tissue is not found in :
(a) brain
(b) spinal cord
(c) tendons
(d) nerves

Solution

(c) tendons

18. Nerve cell does not contain :
(a) axon
(b) nerve endings
(c) tendons
(d) dendrites

Solution

(c) tendons

19. Which of the following helps in repair of tissue and fills up the space inside the organ?
(a) Tendon
(b) Adipose tissue
(c) Areolar
(d) Cartilage

Solution

(c) Areolar

20. The muscular tissue which function throughout the life continuously without fatigue is :
(a) skeletal muscle
(b) cardiac muscle
(c) smooth muscle
(d) voluntary muscle

Solution

(b) cardiac muscle

21. Which of the following cells is found in the cartilaginous
tissue of the body?
(a) Mast cells
(b) Basophils
(c) Osteocytes
(d) Chondrocytes

Solution

(d) Chondrocytes

22. The dead element present in the phloem is :
(a) companion cells
(b) phloem fibres
(c) phloem parenchyma
(d) sieve tubes

Solution

(b) phloem fibres

23. Which of the following does not lose their nucleus at maturity?
(a) Companion cells
(b) Red blood cells
(c) Vessel
(d) Sieve tube cells

Solution

(a) Companion cells

24. In desert plants, rate of water loss gets reduced due to the presence of :
(a) cuticle
(b) stomata
(c) lignin
(d) suberin

Solution

(a) cuticle

25. A long tree has several branches. The tissue that helps in the sideways conduction of water in the branches is :
(a) collenchyma
(b) xylem parenchyma
(c) parenchyma
(d) xylem vessels

Solution

(d) xylem vessels

26. If the tip of sugarcane plant is removed from the field, even then it keeps on growing in length. It is due to the presence of :
(a) cambium
(b) apical meristem
(c) lateral meristem
(d) intercalary meristem

Solution

(d) intercalary meristem

27. A nail is inserted in the trunk of a tree at a height of 1 metre from the ground level. After 3 years the nail will :
(a) move downwards
(b) move upwards
(c) remain at the same position
(d) move sideways

Solution

(c) remain at the same position

28. Parenchyma cells are :
(a) relatively unspecified and thin walled
(b) thick walled and specialised
(c) lignified
(d) None of these

Solution

(a) relatively unspecified and thin walled

29. Flexibility in plants is due to :
(a) collenchyma
(b) sclerenchyma
(c) parenchyma
(d) chlorenchyma

Solution

(a) collenchyma

30. Cork cells are made impervious to water and gases by the presence of :
(a) cellulose
(b) lipids
(c) suberin
(d) lignin

Solution

(c) suberin

31. Survival of plants in terrestrial environment has been made possible by the presence of :
(a) intercalary meristem
(b) conducting tissue
(c) apical meristem
(d) parenchymatous tissue

Solution

(b) conducting tissue

32. Choose the wrong statement.
(a) The nature of matrix differs according to the function of the tissue.
(b) Fats are stored below the skin and in between the internal organ
(c) Epithelial tissues have intercellular spaces between them.
(d) Cells of striated muscles are multinucleate and unbranched.

Solution

(c) Epithelial tissues have intercellular spaces between them.

33. The water conducting tissue generally present in gymnosperm is :
(a) vessel
(b) sieve tube
(c) tracheids
(d) xylem fibres

Solution

(c) tracheids

Short Answer Questions for Tissues

34. Why animals of colder regions and fishes of cold water have thicker layer of subcutaneous fat?

Solution

During cold climate fat present in the subcutaneous layer in animals act as an insulator to prevent the loss of heat from internal body. It also helps in reserving food during the periods of food scarcity.

35. Match the column (A) with the column (B).

	Column (A)		Column (B)
(1)	Parenchyma	(1)	Thin walled, packing cells
(2)	Photosynthesis	(2)	Carbon fixation
(3)	Aerenchyma	(3)	Localized thickenings
(4)	Collenchyma	(4)	Buoyancy
(5)	Permanent tissue	(5)	Sclerenchyma

Solution

Parenchyma — Thin walled, packing cells
Photosynthesis — Carbon fixation
Aerenchyma — Buoyancy
Collenchyma — Localized thickenings
Permanent tissue — Sclerenchyma

36. If a potted plant is covered with a glass jar, water vapours appear on the wall of glass jar. Explain, why?

Solution

The water droplets show the deposition of condensed water vapour because of loses through the process of transpiration.

37. Name the different components of xylem and draw a living component.

Solution

The main four components involved in xylem are as follows :

1. Tracheids
2. Vessels
3. Xylem parenchyma (only living component)
4. Xylem fibres
   

38. Draw and identify different elements of phloem.

Solution 

39. Differentiate between voluntary and involuntary muscles. Give one example of each type.

Solution

Voluntary Muscles	Involuntary Muscles
Function according to one’s own will	Function not according to one’s own will
Brain regulates the functions	Work itself
Fatigued after working	No change with time
E.g. Skeletal muscles	E.g. Cardiac muscles

40. Write true (T) or false (F) :
(a) Epithelial tissue is protective tissue in animal body.
(b) The lining of blood vessels, lung alveoli and kidney tubules are all made up of epithelial tissue.
(c) Epithelial cells have a lot of intercellular spaces.
(d) Epithelial layer is permeable layer.
(e) Epithelial layer does not allow regulation of materials between body and external environment.

Solution

(a)—T,

(b)—T,

(c)—F,

(d) —T,

(e)—F.

41. Differentiate the following activities on the basis of voluntary or involuntary muscles :
(a) Jumping of frog
(b) Pumping of the heart
(c) Writing with hand
(d) Movement of chocolate in your intestine

Solution

(a) Voluntary
(b) Involuntary
(c) Voluntary
(d) Involuntary

42. Fill in the blanks :
(a) Lining of blood vessels is made up of _____
(b) Lining of small intestine is made up of _____
(c) Lining of kidney tubules is made up of _____
(d) Epithelial cells with cilia are found in _____ of our body.

Solution

(a) squamous epithelium
(b) columnar epithelium
(c) cuboidal epithelium
(d) respiratory tract

43. Explain, why water hyacinth float on water surface?

Solution

Water hyacinth plant has aerenchyma tissue present in them which enfolded air in its spongy petioles which makes the plant lighter than water allowing it to float on the water surfaces.

44. Name the structure that protects the plant body against the invasion of parasites?

Solution

Epidermis tissue covers the entire body of plant. Cells in epidermis are similar in structure to parenchyma but are tightly packed. They protect plant from injury, germs, parasitic invasions and water loss.

45. Fill in the blanks :
(a) Cork cells possesses _____ on their walls that makes it impervious to gases and water.
(b) _____ have tubular cells with perforated walls and are living in nature.
(c) Bone possesses a hard matrix composed of _____ and _____.

Solution

(a) suberin
(b) Sieve tubes
(c) calcium and phosphate

46. Why is epidermis important for the plants?

Solution

The importance of epidermis is as follows :

1. It is the outer protective layer which prevents the pathogenic invasions.
2. Water loss is also controlled through the aerial parts.
3. The presence of stomata helps in gaseous exchange and transpiration.
4. The root epidermis go deeper in search of water and minerals.
5. The dense root hair fibres increase the surface area of absorption.

47. Fill in the blanks :
(a) _____ are forms of complex tissue.
(b) _____ have guard cells.
(c) Cells of cork contain a chemical called _____
(d) Husk of coconut is made of _____ tissue.
(e) _____ gives flexibility in plants.
(f) _____ and _____ are both conducting tissues.
(g) Xylem transports _____ and _____ from soil.
(h) Phloem transport _____ from _____ to other parts of the plant.

Solution

(a) Xylem and phloem
(b) Stomata
(c) suberin
(d) sclerenchyma
(e) Collenchyma
(f) Xylem and phloem
(g) water and minerals
(h) food and leaves

Long Answer Questions Tissues

48. Differentiate between sclerenchyma and parenchyma tissues. Draw well labelled diagram.

Solution

Differences between parenchyma and sclerenchyma :

	Parenchyma	Selerenchyma
(1)	Cells are thin walled and unspecialised.	Cells are thick walled and lignified.
(2)	These are living cells.	Tissues are made up of dead cells.
(3)	Cells are usually loosely packed with large intercellular space.	No intercellular spaces between the cells are found.
(4)	Stores nutrient and water in stem and roots.	Provides strength to the plant parts.
(5)	Some cells contain chlorophyll called chlorenchyma and perform photosynthesis. Other cells have large air cavities called acrenchyma which provide buoyancy to the hydrophytic plants.	The cells are long and narrow, make the plant hard and stiff. The tissue is present in the stem around vascular bundles, in veins of leaves and hard covering of seeds and nuts.

Figure: Types of simple permanent tissues

• (a) Parenchyma cells in transverse section
• (b) Parenchyma cells in longitudinal section
• (c) Sclerenchyma cells in TS (d) Sclerenchyma cells in LA

49. Describe the structure and functions of different types of epithelial tissues with diagram.

Solution

The body is covered with the epithelial tissue. This tissue consists of cells which are arranged in one
or more layers. It also covers both the internal and external lining of our body surfaces.

(i) Squamous Epithelium: Squamous epithelium is mostly found as the outer as well as the inner lining of the cavities of mouth, blood vessel, heart and lungs. These cells tend to have flattened horizontal elliptical shaped nuclei.

(ii) Cuboidal Epithelium : Cuboidal epithelium cells are mostly found in ducts of glands (salivary) and also in the lining of the kidney tubules. These cells provide mechanical support to the organ. They consist of the germinal epithelium which is responsible to produce the egg cells of the ovary (females) and the sperm cells of testes (males).

(iii) Columnar Epithelium : Columnar epithelium cell forms the internal as well as the external linings of stomach and intestines. Some of them are specialised for sensory receptions like that in nose, ears and taste buds of tongue. They are capable in secreting mucus which plays as a lubricating substance to maintain smooth surface.

(iv) Ciliated Columnar Epithelium : Ciliated columnar epithelium are similar to that of the columnar epithelial cells which comprises fine hair like outgrowths (cilia) in addition to the surfaces. Such cells are usually found in nose (air passage), uterus and the fallopian tubes (females) which facilitate the ovum movement.

(v) Glandular Epithelium : Glandular epithelial cells are epithelial cells which are able of synthesize and secrete certain substances such as milk, enzymes, mucous, etc. at the surface.

50. Draw well labelled diagrams of various types of muscles found in human body.

Solution 

51. Give reasons for :
(i) Meristematic cells have a prominent nucleus and dense cytoplasm but they lack vacuole.
(ii) Intercellular spaces are absent in sclerenchymatous tissues.
(iii) We get a crunchy and granular feeling, when we chew pear fruit.
(iv) Branches of a tree move and bend freely in high wind velocity.
(v) It is difficult to pull out the husk of a coconut tree.

Solution

(i) Meristematic cells have a prominent nucleus and dense cytoplasm but they lack vacuole because the meristimatic cell undergoes cell division and have no requirement to store food.
(ii) Intercellular spaces are absent in sclerenchymatous tissues because the walls have lignin deposition which provides mechanical strength.
(iii) We get a crunchy and granular feeling, when we chew pear fruit because the fruit contains stone cells commonly known as sclereids (sclerenchyma).
(iv) Branches of a tree move and bend freely in high wind velocity because the presence of collenchyma adds the property of flexibility.
(v) It is difficult to pull out the husk of a coconut tree because it is composed of sclerenchyma fibres which are very closely packed.

52. List the characteristics of cork. How are they formed? Mention their role.

Solution

Characteristics of cork :

1. Outer rough surface of older stem and roots.
2. Impermeable cells are arranged in layers due to the presence of suberin in the walls.
3. Cells become dead on maturity and store resins, and tannins.
4. It is usually formed by secondary lateral meristematic tissues, i.e. cork cambium. As plant grow older, a strip of secondary meristem replaces the epidermis of the stem. Cells cut on the outer side by this meristem are called cork. Importance of corks :
   a. Prevent water loss.
   b. Protected against the mechanical injuries.
   c. Facilitates the gaseous exchange due to presence of lenticels.
   d. For household usage.

53. Why are xylem and phloem called complex tissues ? How are they different from one another ?

Solution

A group of cells which have common origin and perform common functions is called complex permanent tissue. Xylem and phloem both are considered to be the complex tissue because they both are conducting tissues and are responsible for the vascular system of the plant body.

Phloem	Xylem
Transports food	Transports minerals and water
Comprised of mostly living elements	Comprised mostly of dead elements
Transport material from leaves to other parts of plants.	Transport material from roots to other parts of plants.
It consist of sieve tubes, phloem parenchyma, companion cells, and phloem fibres.	It consist of tracheids, xylem fibres, xylem parenchyma, vessel.

54. (a) Differentiate between meristematic and permanent tissues in plants.
(b) Define the process of differentiation.
(c) Name any two simple and two complex permanent tissues in plants.

Solution

(a) Difference between meristematic and permanent tissues in plants

	Meristematic tissues	Permanent tissues
1.	These tissues have the capacity to divide.	These tissues have lost the capacity of division.
2.	They have thin cellulose wall.	They have thick cellulose wall/lignin/suberin.
3.	They do not have intercellular spaces.	They have large intercellular spaces.
4.	They contain dense cytoplasm with prominent nucleus.	They contain thin cytoplasm with normal nucleus.
5.	They contain many small vacuoles in their cytoplasm.	They contain a single large vacuole in their cytoplasm.
6.	They produce permanent tissues.	They are produced by meristemic tissues.
7.	They are responsible for the primary and secondary growth of the plant.	These tissues add to the various growths.

(b) Differentiation is the process in which the ability to divide is lost at the stage of maturity by obtaining permanent shape and function.
(c) Examples:

1. Simple Permanent Tissues : Parenchyma and sclerenchyma.
2. Complex: Phloem and xylem.