Selina Chapter 1 Plant and Animal Tissue Questions Answers Class 7 Biology

ICSE Solutions for Chapter 1 Plant and Animal Tissues Class 7 Biology Selina Publisher

Review Questions

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Put a tick (✓) against the most appropriate alternative in the following statements.

(i) A group of similar cells to perform a specific function forms a

(a) organ
(b) species
(c) organ system
(d) tissue

Answer

(c) organ system

(ii) The fine branches given out from the cell body of a nerve cell are
(a) dendrites
(b) cyton
(c) axon
(d) neurons

Answer

(c) axon
 
(iii) Fluid connective tissue of humans is
(a) blood and cartilage
(b) lymph and plasma
(c) blood and lymph
(d) stroma and matrix

Answer

(c) blood and lymph
 

Short Answer Questions

1. Define the following terms:

i. Tissue
ii. Organ

Answer
i. Tissue: A group of similar cells which perform a specific function. example: Muscular tissue in animals.
ii. Organ: The different type of tissues which group together to function in a coordinated manner.
example: liver
 

Answer the following:

2. (i) What is a meristematic tissue ? How is it different from permanent tissues ?

Answer

Plant tissues are classified into two types:

1. Meristematic tissue
2. Permanent or non-diving tissue

Meristematic tissues are the plant tissues which are made up of actively dividing cells. These tissues actively divide and lead to the growth of the plant body. They are found at the growth points of the plant like tips of root, stem and branches etc.

1. Cells are small with thin cell walls.
2. Cells have large and conspicuous nuclei.
3. Cells have no vacuoles.
4. Cells are actively dividing type cells.

Difference between Meristematic and permanent

Meristematic tissue	Permanent tissue
Meristematic tissue is present at the tip of the root and stem and in between the xylem and phloem. Form apical meristematic tissue when present at the tips. It is in the form of cambium in between the xylem and phloem.	Permanent tissue may be simple as parenchyma, collenchyma or sclerenchyma and it may be complex as xylem and phloem.
Meristematic cells divide and form other types of tissues. The cells are thin walled.	These are made up of more than one kind of cells. These perform a common function Xylem and phloem form vascular system of the plant. These cells do not have the power to divide.
Meristematic cells may be intercalary as in case of monocots.	These cells may act as epidermis cortex or grit cells. Sclerenchyma gives strength.
The cells are small and isodiametric, vacuoles are small or absent.	Living cells of permanent tissue have vacuoles. The cells are large and of different shapes.
Respiratory and biosynthetic activities maximum.	Both these activities are low.
The cells are immature and mitochondria simple.	The cells fully mature, mitochondria fully developed.
Proplastids act as plastids.	Living cells have plastids.

 
(ii) Which living material would you take to demonstrate meristematic tissue ?

Answer

Green gram seeds can be used to demonstrate meristematic tissue which when soaked in a petridish stuffed with wet cotton and left for 3-4 days would sprout out. These sprouted seeds have roots developing whose root tips have meristematic tissue.

(iii) What is the function of meristematic tissue ?

Answer

The meristematic tissue have the primary role in the growth of the plant tissue as it consists of active dividing cells.
 

3. State whether the following statements are True or False.

(i) A tissue is formed of only one type of cells.

True

(ii) Only one type of tissue forms an organ.

False

Correct: Two or more types of tissue form an organ.

(iii) Permanent tissue is made up of undifferentiated and dividing Cells.

False.

Correct: Meristematic tissue is made up of undifferentiated and dividing cells.
 
(iv) Meristematic tissue is found at growing tips of a plant.

True

(v) Phloem is formed of dead tubular cells.

False.

Correct: Phloem is formed of living tubular cells.
 
4. Fill in the blanks by selecting suitable words from the list given below:

“Thin – walled, collenchyma, vascular, tissues, conducting”

1. A group of different ______ working together to perform a function is called an organ.

2. Xylem and phloem form the ______ tissue.

3. Conducting tissue is also called _____ tissue.

4. Cells are elongated and thick at the comers in ______ tissue.

5. Parenchyma is composed of large ______ cell.

Answer

1. A group of different tissues working together to perform a function is called an organ.

2. Xylem and phloem form the conducting tissue.

3. Conducting tissue is also called vascular tissue.

4. Cells are elongated and thick at the comers in collenchyma tissue.

5. Parenchyma is composed of large thin-walled cell

 
5. Match the items given is column A with those given in column B:

Column A	Column B
(i) Fibrous connective tissue	(a) blood
(ii) Fluid connective tissue	(b) Cartilage
(iii) supportive connective tissue	(c) Connects a bone to another bone.
(iv) Ligament	(d) Areolar tissue
(v) Tendon	(e) Connects a muscle with a bone

Answer

Column A	Column B
(i) Fibrous connective tissue	(d) Areolar tissue
(ii) Fluid connective tissue	(a) blood
(iii) supportive connective tissue	(b) Cartilage
(iv) Ligament	(c) Connects a bone to another bone.
(v) Tendon	(e) Connects a muscle with a bone

6. How do you rank the following among cells, tissues, organs, or organism ?

1. Amoeba : organism
2. Euglena: organism
3. Skin : organ
4. Lungs : organ
5. Neuron : tissue
6. Cardiac muscles: Ti1ue

7. Each of the tissues listed in Column A is related to one of the functions given in Column B. Match the lines correct pairs by drawing

Column A	Column B
(a) Epithelial tissue	(i) Movement
(b) Connective tissue	(ii) Protection
(c) Vascular tissue	(iii) messages
(d) Nervous Tissue	(iv) Support
(e) Muscular tissue	(v) Transport

Answer 

Column A	Column B
(a) Epithelial tissue	(ii) Protection
(b) Connective tissue	(iv) Support
(c) Vascular tissue	(v) Transport
(d) Nervous Tissue	(iii) messages
(e) Muscular tissue	(i) Movement

8. Name the kind of tissue that

1. Carries oxygen around your body — Blood tissue. 
2. Brings about movements in animals — muscular tissue.
3. Transports food to different parts of plant— phloem.
4. Transports water in plants — xylem.
5. Supports an animal’s body — connective tissue (supportive)
6. Binds different tissues together — Fibrous connective tissue.
7. Conducts messages from one part of the body to another — nervous tissue.

9. Based on the following information, identify the three types of epithelial tissue in the figures given below :

(i) Cuboidal epithelium : It consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells.
(ii) Columnar epithelium: It is composed of tall, cylindrical cells with oval nuclei usually
placed at the base of the cells.
(iii) Ciliated epithelium : It consists of cells being hair-like cilia on their free surface.

Answer
(i) fig. b

(ii) fig. a

(iii) fig. c
 
10. Write three differences between the two principal vascular tissues found in plants.

Answer

Xylem	Phloem
Transports water and minerals absorbed by the roots to other plant parts.	Conducts food manufactured in the leaves to other plant parts.
Consists mainly of dead cells.	Consists mainly of living cells.
Conduction is unidirectional i.e. only upwards from the roots.	Bidirectional conduction i.e. both upwards and downwards from the leaves.

Additional Questions

A. Fill in the blanks

1. _____ is situated at the tip of root and stem.
2. ______tissue consists of more than one kind of cells.
3. _______ is a complex tissue that distributes food in plants.
4. Epithelial tissue is made of cells without any ______ spaces.
5. _______ muscles help in the movement of limbs.
6. The _______ or nerve fibers constitute the nerves.
7. ______ connects one bone to another.
8. _______ tissue cushions and insulates the body.

Answer

1. Meristematic tissue is situated at the tip of root and stem.
2. Complex Permanent tissue consists of more than one kind of cells.
3. Phloem is a complex tissue that distributes food in plants.
4. Epithelial tissue is made of cells without any intercellular spaces.
5. Voluntary muscles help in the movement of limbs.
6. The neurons or nerve fibers constitute the nerves.
7. Ligaments connects one bone to another.
8. Adipose tissue cushions and insulates the body.
 

B. Write true or false for each statement. Rewrite the false statements correctly.

1. Sclerenchyma cells are dead cells with no protoplasmic content.

True

2. Voluntary muscles are present in the internal organs of the body.

False.
Involuntary muscles are present in the internal organs of the body.

3. Cardiac muscles are involuntary muscles.

True

4. Cardiac muscles have dark and light bands.

True

5. Short thread-like branches arising from the surface of the cyton are called axons.

False.
Short thread-like branches arising from the surface of the cyton are called dendrites.

6. Yellow fibrous tissue, a type of connective tissue, is found in ligaments.

True

7. Tendons connect muscles to muscles.

False.
Tendons connect muscles to bones.

8. The fluid-filled spaces in which cartilage cells are present are called lacunae.

True

9. RBCs and WBCs are formed in the bone marrow.

True

10.The fluid part of the blood is called plasma.

True
 
C. Define these terms.
1. tissue
2. species
3. population
4. biotic community
5. biosphere
6. neuron
7. connective tissue
Answer

1. Tissue: A group of cells that are similar in structure and perform similar functions forms a tissue.

2. Species: A group of living organisms which can breed among themselves constitute a species.

3. Population: All the members or individuals of a particular species living in a particular area constitute its population.

4. Biotic community: The population of all plant and animal species living in a particular area constitute a biotic community.

5. Biosphere: The zone on the earth in which all living beings exists is termed as biosphere. 

6. Neuron: The cells that constitute nervous tissue are called neurons or nerve cells.

7. Connective tissue: The tissue which connects various tissues together in any organ is called connective tissue.
 

D. Differentiate between

1. Lower level of organization and Higher level of organization

Answer

Lower level of organization	Higher level of organization
1. The cell is the lowest level of organization in this level.	1. The species is the lowest level of organization in this level.
2. Cell to organ system level forms the lower level of organisation.	2. Population to biosphere forms the higher level of organisation.

2. Community and Biosphere.

Answer

Community	Biosphere
1. All the organisms living together in area constitute community.	1. All ecosystems together make up biosphere.
2. It does not forms the highest level of organization.	2. It is the highest level of organization.

 

E. Write short answers.

1. Name the lowest level of organization

Answer

The cell is the lowest level of organization, which is living and can exist independently

2. What is a species ?

Answer

A species is a group of living organisms which can breed among themselves

3. Define population.

Answer

All the members of a particular species living in a particular area constitute its population.

4. What is an ecosystem ?

Answer

All living organisms along with the non living organisms of an area forms an ecosystem.

5. What constitutes the vascular system of the plant ?

Answer

Xylem and phloem, which are the complex permanent tissues together constitute the vascular system of the plant. These tissues extend from the tip of the root to the tip of the leaf.

6. What is a neuron ?

Answer

The cells that constitute the nervous tissue are called neuron or nerve cells. The neuron is the smallest part of nervous tissue.

7. Where is the white fibrous tissue found in human body?

Answer

The white fibrous tissue is found in tendons. Tendons connect the muscles to the bones. This tissue has considerable strength and high elasticity.

 

F. Answer in detail.

1. Explain the lower levels of organization.

Answer

Lower levels of organization are:

1. Cellular level: The lowest level of organization is the cell. A cell is living and can exist independently. In single celled organisms like amoeba, paramecium, yeast etc all functions of life like digestion, respiration, reproduction and excretion are performed by single cell.

2. Tissue level: The cells that are similar in structure and functions organize to form a tissue, in multi cellular organisms. For example nervous tissue is formed of neurons, muscular tissue is formed of muscle cells and so on. Similarly the plants are also made up of different tissues.

For example parenchyma, sclerenchyma etc. The organization of similar cells to form tissues is known as tissue level of organization.

3. Organ level: Different types of tissues in a living organism organise to form organs which perform a specific function. This is called organ level of organization. Stomach is an organ in human beings, which consists of different types of tissues and perform specific functions. Similarly intestine kidney and brain are other organs that perform specific functions and made up of different types of tissues.

In plants leaf, roots, stem, flowers and fruits are different organs, which are made up of different type of tissues.

4. Organ system level: Many organs work together in a coordinated manner to perform a specific function and form an organ system. Organ system is the next level of organization. For example digestive system has a job of digesting food.

Many organs like stomach, intestine, liver and pancreas constitute digestive system. Root and shoot system in plants are the organ systems that perform specific functions and are composed of different organs

 
2. What is the difference between an organ and an organ system ?

Answer

Organ	Organ System
1. Different tissues combine to form organs which perform specific functions.	1. Different organs combine to form organ system to perform a specific function.
2. Stomach, kidneys, lungs etc. are the different organs of human beings.	2. Different organs combine to form organ system to perform a specific function.

3. Which tissue is responsible for the increase in the height of a plant ? Where is it located ?

Answer

1. Apical meristematic tissue is responsible for the increase in the height of a plant. This tissue is present at the root tip and shoot tip. The cells of this tissue are usually small, thin walled and full of cytoplasm. They have a large nucleus. These cells divide rapidly and continuously, the plant thereby gains height.

2. Meristematic tissue is present in the growing parts of a plant, such as root tip and shoot tip.