Selina Concise Solutions for Chapter 6 Ratio and Proportion (including Sharing in Ratio) Class 7 ICSE Mathematics

Exercise 6 (A)


1. Express each of the given ratio in its simplest form :
(i) 22 : 66 
(ii) 1.5 : 2.5 

(iv) 40 kg : 1 quintal 
(v) 10 paise : ₹ 1 
(vi) 200m : 5 km 
(vii) 3 hours : 1 day
(viii) 6 months : 4/3 years 

Answer 


2. Divide 64 cm long string into two parts in the ratio 5 : 3 . 

Answer 

Sum of ratios  = 5+3 = 8 
∴ first part = 5/8 of 64 cm = 40 cm 
Second part = 3/8 of 64 cm = 24 cm 


3. Rs. 720 is divided between x and y in the ratio 4 : 5 . How many rupees will each get ? 

Answer 

Total amount  = Rs. 720 Ratio between x, y = 4 : 5 
Sum of ratios = 4+ 5 = 9 
x's share  = 4/9 of Rs. 720 = Rs. 320 
y's share = 5/9 of Rs. 720 = Rs. 400 


4. The angles of a triangle are in the ratio 3 : 2 : 7. Find each angle. 

Answer 

Ratio in angles of a triangle = 3 : 2 : 7
Sum of ratios = 3 + 2 + 7 = 12
Sum of angles of a triangle = 180°
∴ First angle = 3/12 ×180°= 45°
Second angle = 2/12 ×180°= 30°
Third angle = 7/12 ×180°= 105°



5. A rectangular field is 100 m by 80 m. Find the ratio of
(i) length to its breadth
(ii) breadth to its perimeter.
Answer
Length of field (l) = 100 m
Breadth (b) = 80 m
∴ Perimeter = 2 (l + b) = 2 (100 + 80) m = 2×180 = 360 m
(i) Ratio between length and breadth
= 100 : 80 = 5 : 4
(Dividing by 20, the HCF of 100 and 80)
(ii) Ratio between breadth and its perimeter
= 80 : 360 = 2 : 9
(Dividing by 40, the HCF of 80 and 360)

6. The sum of three numbers, whose ratios are is 4917.Find the numbers.
Answer 
Sum of three numbers = 4917 
Ratio between them =  

7. The ratio between two quantities is 3 : the first is Rs. 810, find the second.
Answer
Ratio between two quantities = 3 : 4 
Sum of ratio = 3+ 4 = 7 
∴Second quantity = Rs. (810 × 4)/3
= Rs. 270 × 4 = Rs. 1080 

8. Two numbers are in the ratio 5 : 7. Their difference is 10. Find the numbers . 
Answer 
Ratio between two numbers = 5:7
Difference = 7-5 = 2
If difference is 2, then first number = 5
and if difference is 10, then first number
= 5/2 × 10=25
and second number = 7/2 × 10 = 35

9. Two numbers are in the ratio 10 : 11. Their sum is 168. Find the numbers.
Answer
Ratio between two numbers = 10 : 11
Sum of ratios = 10 + 11=21
Total sum = 168
∴ first number = 168/21 × 10 = 80
Second number = 168/21 × 11 = 88


10. A line is divided in two parts in the ratio 2.5 : 1.3. If the smaller one is 35T cm, find the length of the line.
Answer
Ratio between two parts of a line
= 2-5 : 1-3 =25 : 13
Sum of ratios = 25 + 13 = 38
Length of smaller part = 35.1 cm 38
Now length of line = 38/13 × 35.1 cm
= 38 × 2.7 cm
= 102.6 cm

11. In a class, the ratio of boys to the girls is 7:8. What part of the whole class are
girls.
Answer
Ratio between boys and girls = 7:8
Sum of ratios = 7 + 8 = 15
∴ Girls are 8/15 of the whole class.

12. The population of a town is ’ 50,000, out of which males are 1/3 of the whole population. Find the number of females. Also, find the ratio of the number of females to the whole population.
Answer

Total population = 180,000
Population of males = 1/3 of 180,000 = 60,000
∴ Population of females = 180,000 – 60,000 = 120,000
Ratio of females to whole population
= 120,000 : 180,000 = 2:3

13. Ten gram of an alloy of metals A and B contains 7.5 gm of metal A and the rest is metal B. Find the ratio between :
(i) the weights of metals A and B in the alloy.
(ii) the weight of metal B and the weight of the alloy.
Answer
Total weight of A and B metals = 10 gm A’s weight = 7.5 gm B’s weight = 10 – 7.5 = 2.5
gm
(i) Ratio between A and B = 7.5 : 2.5
= 75/10 : 25/10 = 3 : 1
(ii) Ratio between B and total alloy 
= 2.5 : 10 = 25/10 : 10 
= 25 : 100 = 1 : 4

14. The ages of two boys A and B are 6 years 8 months and 7 years 4 months respectively. Divide Rs. 3,150 in the ratio of their ages.
Answer 
A’s age = 6 years 8 months
= 6×12 + 8 = 72 + 8 = 80 months
B’s age = 7 years 4 months = 7×12 + 4 = 84 + 4 = 88 months
∴ Ratio between them = 80 : 88 = 10 : 11
Amount = Rs. 3150
Sum of ratios = 10 + 11 =21
∴ A’s share = (3150×10)/21 = 1500 = Rs. 1500
B’s share = (3150×10)/21 = 1650 = Rs. 1650

15. Three persons start a business and spend Rs. 25,000; Rs. 15,000 atid Rs. 40,000 respectively. Find the share of each out of a profit of Rs. 14,400 in a year.
Answer
A’s investment = Rs. 25000
B’s investment = Rs. 15000
C’s investment = Rs. 40000
∴ Ratio between their investment
= 25000 : 15000 : 40000
= 5 : 3 : 8
Sum of ratios = 5 + 3 + 8=16 Total profit = ₹ 14400
∴ A’s share = (14400/16) × 5 = ₹ 4500
B’s share = (14400/16) × 3 = ₹ 2700
C’s share = (14400/16) × 8 = ₹ 7200

16. A plot of land, 600 sq m in area, is divided between two persons such that the first person gets three-fifth of what the second gets. Find the share of each.
Answer
Area of plot of land = 600 sq. meter 
Let second's share = x 
Then first share = 3x/5
∴ Ratio between them 
3x/5 : x
⇒ 3/5 : 1 = 3 : 5 
Sum of ratios = 3 + 5 = 8 
∴ Share of first person = (600/8) × 3
= 225 sq. m 
and second share = (600/8) × 5 = 375 sq.m

17. Two poles of different heights are standing vertically on a horizontal field. At a particular time, the ratio between the lengths of their shadows is 2 :3. If the height of the smaller pole is 7.5 m, find the height of the other pole.
Answer
Ratio between the shadows of two poles = 2 : 3 
∴ Height of smaller pole = 7.5 m 
Height of taller pole = (7.5 × 3)/2 
= 22.5/2 = 11.25 m 

18. Two numbers are in the ratio 4 : 7. If their L.C.M. is 168, find the numbers.
Answer
Given, Ratio in two numbers = 4:7
and their L.C.M. = 168
Let first number = 4x
and second number = 7x
Now, L.C.M. of 4x and 7x
= 4 × 7 × x = 28x
∴ 28x = 168
x = 168/28
x = 6
∴ Required numbers = 4x and 7x = 4 × 6 = 24 and 7 × 6 = 42

19. is divided between A and B in such a way that A gets half of B. Find :
(i) the ratio between the shares of A and B.
(ii) the share of A and the share of B.
Answer

Total amount to be divided between A and B = ₹ 300
(i) A gets half of B 
Hence, ratio between A and B = 1/2 
= 1 : 2 
(ii) Sum of ratios = 1 + 2 =3 
∴ A' shares = (300 × 1)/3 = ₹ 100
∴ B' shares = (300 × 2)/3 = ₹ 200

20. The ratio between two numbers is 5 : 9. Find the numbers, if their H.C.F. is 16.
Answer
Let the first number be 5x and second number be 9x
H.C.F. of 5x and 9x = Largest number common to 5x and 9x = x
Given H.C.F. = 16
⇒ x = 16
∴ Required numbers = 5x and 9x = 5×16 and 9×16 = 80 and 144

21. A bag contains ₹ 1,600 in the form of ₹10 and ₹20 notes. If the ratio between the numbers of ₹10 and ₹20 notes is 2 : 3; find the total number of notes in all.
Answer
Total amount in the bag = 1600
It contains notes in the denomination of ₹ 10 and 20
Ratio between the number of  ₹10 and 20
notes is = 2 : 3 
Let number of  ₹10 note = x 
and number of  ₹20 notes = y 
According to condition, 
10x + 20y = 1600  ....(i) 
and x = 2y/3 ...(ii) 
Now, substitute the value of x in eq.  (i) 

∴ y = 60 
Now, substitute the value of y in eq. (ii), we get 
x = (2/3) × 60 = 40 
Total number of notes in all  = x + y 
= 60 +40 = 100 notes 

22. The ratio between the prices of a scooter and a refrigerator is 4 : 1. If the scooter costs ₹45,000 more than the refrigerator, find the price of the refrigerator.
Answer
Ratio between the prices of scooter and a refrigerator = 4:1
Cost price of scooter = ₹45,000
Let the cost of scooter = 4x
Cost of refrigerator = 1x
According to condition,
Cost of scooter > Cost of refrigerator
⇒ 4x - 1x = 45000
⇒ 3x = 45000
x = 45000/3
⇒ x = ₹15000
∴ Price of refrigerator = ₹15000

Exercise 6 (B)


1. Check whether the following quantities form a proportion or not ?
(i) 3x , 7x, 24 and 56 
(ii) 0.8, 3, 2.4 and 9 

(iv) 0.4, 0.5, 2.9 and 3.5 
Answer 
(i) 3x , 7x, 24 and 56. 
If these are in proportion, then 
3x × 56 = 7x × 24 
⇒ 168x = 168x 
which is true. 
Hence 3x, 7x, 24 and 56 are in proportion. 

(ii) 0.8, 3, 2.4 and 9 are in proportion
if 0.8 × 9 = 3× 2.4
⇒ 7.2 = 7.2 
which is true 
Hence 0.8, 3, 2.4 and 9 are in proportion.

(iv) 0.4, 0.5, 2.9 and 3.5 are in proportion
if  0.4 × 3.5 = 0.5 × 2.9
⇒ 1.40 = 1.45
which is not true 
Hence, 0.4, 0.5, 2.9 and 3.5 are not in proportion. 

2. Find the fourth proportional of 
(i) 3, 12 and 4
(ii) 5, 9 and 45 
(iii) 2.1, 1.5 and 8.4 
(iv) 1/3, 2/5 and 8.4 
(v) 4 hours 40 minutes, 1 hour 10 minutes and 16 hours. 
Answer 
(i) 4 th proportional to 3, 12 and 4 
= (12×4)/3
= 16 

(ii) Fourth proportional to 5, 9 and 45 
 = (9×45)/5
= 81 

(iii) Fourth proportional to 2.1, 1.5 and 8.4 
= (1.5×8.4)/2.1
= 1.5 × 4
= 6.0 

(iv) Fourth proportional to 1/3, 2/5 and 8.4 


(v) Fourth proportional to 4 hours 40 minutes, 
1 hours 10 minutes and 16 hours 
4 hours 40 minutes = 4 × 60 + 40 
= 240 + 40 = 280 
1 hour 10 minutes = 1 × 60 + 10 
= 60 + 10 = 70 minutes 
16 hours = 16 × 60 = 960 minutes 
∴ Fourth proportional = (70 × 960)/280 
= 240 minutes = 240/60 = 4 hours 

3. Find the third proportional of 
(i) 27 and 8 
(ii) 2 m 40cm  and 40 cm 
(iii) 1.8 and 0.6 
(iv) 1/7 and 3/14 
(v) 1.6 and 0.8 
Answer 
(i) Third proportional to 27 and 9 
= (9 × 9)/27
= 3 

(ii) Third proportional to  2 m 40 cm and 40 cm 
or 240 cm and 40cm 
= (40×40)/240
= 20/3

(iii) Third proportional to 1.8 and 0.6 
= (0.6×0.6)/1.8
= 0.36/1.8
= 36/180 
= 1/5
= 0.2 

4. Find the mean proportional between 
(i) 16 and 4 
(ii) 3 and 27 
(iii) 0.9 and 2.5 
(iv) 0.6 and 9.6 
(v) 1/4 and 1/16 
Answer 

5. (i) If A : B = 3 : 5 and B : C = 5 : 7, find A : B : C
(ii)  If  x : y = 2 : 3 and y : z = 5 : 7, find x : y : z
(iii) If m : n = 4: 9 and n : s = 3 : 7, find m : s
(iv) If P : Q = 1/2 : 1/3 and find P : R.
(v) If  a: b = 1.5 : 3.5 and b : c= 5 : 6, find a : c. 
 Find P : r 
Answer 



6. If  x : y = 5 : 4 and 2 : x = 3 : 8, find the value of y. 
Answer 

7. Find the value of x, when 2.5 : 4 = x : 7.5.
Answer 
2.5 : 4 ∷ x : 7.5 
4×x = 2.5 × 7.5 

8. Show that 2, 12 and 72  are in continued proportion. 
Answer 
Three numbers a, b and c are in continued 
proportion if, a : b ∷ b : c 
The numbers are  2, 12 and 72 
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